The TRAVELER'S JOURNAL: December sixth, bringing a gift of Wa.

Linked inextricably with the keeping Wa, or the sense of peace and harmony, giving the right gift at the right time may be more important in Asia than anywhere else in the world.

Though Japan is mostly a Buddhist and Shinto nation, Christmas has become a huge gift-giving occasion. Japanese also often exchange tokens of appreciation at first meetings. Two occasions for giving gifts are O-seibo on January first, and O-chugen in mid-July. Business gifts in Japan are seldom opened when given, but later in private. So never make a ceremony of the presentation, which should seem both spontaneous and sincere. American and European brand name items are suitable, as are consumable gifts like candy, cakes or a good bottle of scotch. The wrapping is important. Rice paper signifies good taste, while ribbons and bows may carry negative connotations. Avoid the numbers four and nine on a gift, since they have homonyms that signify death and suffering. Gifts that consist of fewer than ten items should be given in odd numbers. That's why in Japan place settings and tea cups are sold in sets of five.

The Chinese also appreciate gifts, but less so for business reasons. A small token given upon a first meeting means, "I hope this friendship will last." Gifts are usually exchanged in private, except during grand banquets. If you write a card, don't do it in red ink. That means you're cutting off a friendship. Finally, never give a timepiece as a present, since the English word clock sounds like the Chinese word for funeral.

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